Visfatin is a protein that is produced in adipose tissue, especially in obese and diabetic patients. Researchers at the Autonomous University of Madrid, collaboration with the Hospital de la Princesa and Hospital of Getafe, have shown that this protein, which can pass from fat tissue into the circulation, is able to inflame the vessels blood, favoring the occurrence of cardiovascular complications associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity or diabetes. It is known that this protein can pass the fatty tissue blood circulation. In the study by the research group of teachers and Concepción Peiró Carlos Sanchez Ferrer Department of Pharmacology at the University of Madrid, has been shown Human Visfatin that can directly inflame human vascular cells. Thus, in the smooth muscle cells human aorta exposed in vitro to be causes visfatin activation of the transcription factor NF-kB protein and inducible nitric oxide synthase, two molecules that are related to the phenomena of cellular inflammation. The mechanism of action by which the Human Visfatin causes inflammation does not appear to be mediated by a classical membrane receptor. Conversely, visfatin is a protein with intrinsic enzymatic activity capable of generating a compound named mononucleotide nicotinamide (NMN). The NMN generated visfatin may be the cause of the inflammatory action of this protein. In fact, if the enzyme activity is inhibited from visfatin with a drug called APO866, this protein adipose tissue loses its ability to inflame vascular cells. Therefore, in this study, published in diabetología, a novel protein is identified secreted by adipose tissue as a molecule capable of directly causing damage vascular. Given that obesity and diabetes are associated with a high risk cardiovascular, human visfatin appears as a link between disease binding potential metabolic and cardiovascular disease and, therefore, could be a new target therapeutics for the treatment of cardio metabolic diseases.